卦辭與彖傳

Judgment and its commentary

先讀經文,再讀《彖傳》如何解釋卦辭。Read the received text first, then its Tuan commentary.

卦辭對整個卦(六條線為一組)的總體判斷。The judgment on the hexagram as a whole.
Judgment

巽:小亨,利有攸往,利見大人。

巽卦——小亨。利於有所前往,利於拜見大人物(賢者)。風之德是漸入,不是強進。

Xun intimates that under its conditions there will be some little attainment and progress. There will be advantage in movement onward in whatever direction. It will be advantageous (also) to see the great man.

James Legge · 1899
彖傳十翼之一,直接解釋卦名、卦辭及其剛柔結構。Tuan Zhuan — commentary explaining the name, Judgment, and line structure.
Commentary on the Judgment

重巽以申命。剛巽乎中正而志行,柔皆順乎剛,是以小亨,利有攸往,利見大人。

重複的巽以反復申明命令。剛爻(九五)巽順於中正之位而志向得行,柔爻皆順於剛——所以小亨,利有所往,利見大人。

(The two trigrams that compose) Xun show one stooping (in humility), and (then) repeating the lesson. The strong (line) is in the central and correct place, and his will is carried out.

James Legge · 1899

大象傳《大象傳》從上下卦的自然圖像推演全卦之象,再提出人事取法。它不是《彖傳》的續文。The Great Image derives conduct from the two trigrams' natural images; it is not a continuation of the Tuan.

Great Image Commentary

上下卦取象 → 全卦成象 → 人事取法Trigrams → whole image → conduct

上下卦Trigrams
· Upper · Wind
· Lower · Wind
全卦成象Whole image

隨風,巽

(The trigram for) wind, repeated, forms Xun.

人事取法Conduct

君子以申命行事。

(After this symbol) the superior man reiterates his orders, and secures the practice of his affairs.

風相隨而至——巽之象。君子由此體會:要反復申明(命令、想法),然後才行事。

James Legge · 1899
六爻意象導覽Six-line image guide
由六爻爻辭整理 · 點選可跳至原文 · Editorial guide · select a stage to read the line

本站導讀,不屬《大象傳》原文;用來預覽本卦六爻由初至上的意象變化。An editorial preview of the six line images, not part of the Great Image Commentary.

中性位neutral主爻 · 青灰ruling line過盈之爻 · 朱砂overshot
爻辭針對單獨一條線的判斷,每卦有六條。閱讀次序:初爻 → 上爻。卦象本身則由下而上排列。Line statements — one per line, six per hexagram. Reading order is 初 → 上 (top to bottom on the page). The hexagram itself is drawn bottom-up — see the rail.
Line statements · 初 → 上 · reading order
小象十翼之一。對每一條爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on each line. inline beneath each line
初六
Line 1 · 1 · yin

進退,利武人之貞。

進退之間猶豫——對勇武之人有利,因其能堅守正道。

The first SIX shows its subject (now) advancing, (now) retreating. It would be advantageous for him to have the firmness of a brave soldier.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

進退,志疑也。利武人之貞,志治也。

進退是因為心志疑惑。對武人有利,是因為武人志向專一。

九二
Line 2 · 2 · yang

巽在床下,用史巫紛若,吉,無咎。

順入到床下(極為謙卑)——用占卜祭祀官紛紛而為,吉,無咎。極謙能安。

The second NINE shows its subject (humbly) low, (as if he were) under a couch. He employs diviners and exorcists in a way bordering on confusion. There will be good fortune and freedom from error.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

紛若之吉,得中也。

紛若之吉,是因為居中位。

九三
Line 3 · 3 · yang

頻巽,吝。

頻頻地巽(反復順從)——可惜,失了自主。

The third NINE shows its subject penetrating (only by violent efforts). There will be occasion for regret.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

頻巽之吝,志窮也。

頻頻地順從之吝,是志向已盡。

六四
Line 4 · 4 · yin

悔亡,田獲三品。

悔消失——田獵得三品(祭祀、賓客、君膳)。柔在剛位但能順承九五。

The fourth SIX shows all occasion for repentance disappeared. (Its subject) takes game for its threefold use in his hunting.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

田獲三品,有功也。

田獲三品,是因為有功勞。

九五
Line 5 · 5 · yang

貞吉,悔亡,無不利。無初有終。先庚三日,後庚三日,吉。

守正則吉,悔消失,無不利。開始時沒有,結束時則有。在「庚日」之前三日(丁日)謀劃,「庚日」之後三日(癸日)行事,則吉。改革之事必經此節奏。

The fifth NINE shows that with firm correctness there will be good fortune; that all occasion for repentance will disappear. Let (its subject) take three days to consider before any change, and three days to learn after; then there will be good fortune.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

九五之吉,位正中也。

九五之吉,是因為位置正中。

上九
Line 6 · 6 · yang

巽在床下,喪其資斧,貞凶。

順入到床下——丟失了資產與斧頭(防身之器),守此凶。過於順入,反失自主之力。

The topmost NINE shows its subject (humbly) low, as if under a couch, and having lost the axe with which he had executed his decisions. However firm he may try to be, there will be evil.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

巽在床下,上窮也。喪其資斧,正乎凶也。

巽在床下,是上位已盡。喪其資斧,正是凶之所在。

xùn

Wind; to yield, to enter. The trigram's three senses in one character — soft, compliant penetration.

shēn

To state again, reiterate. As in the Great Image's 申命 — repeating the command until it takes.

pín

Frequently, over and over. In line 3: yielding so repeatedly that the will is spent.

gēng

Seventh of the ten heavenly stems; read as 更 'change' — the day a reform takes effect.

資斧zī fǔ

Goods and axe — one's means and one's tool of decision; figure for the foundation of standing on one's own.

三品sān pǐn

The three uses of game taken in the ancient hunt: for sacrifice, for guests, and for the lord's table.