茂對時育萬物，動而合天
先看圖像，再讀文字。Read the image before the words.
天下雷行，物與無妄
Under (the trigram for) heaven there is that for thunder: — (this gives the idea of) things in their natural state, free from all insincerity.
先王以茂對時育萬物。
The ancient kings, in accordance with this, (made their regulations) in complete accordance with the seasons, thereby nourishing all things.
天下雷行——萬物與之相合而無妄。先王由此體會：要茂盛地對應時節以養育萬物。
Under (the trigram for) heaven there is that for thunder: — (this gives the idea of) things in their natural state, free from all insincerity. The ancient kings, in accordance with this, (made their regulations) in complete accordance with the seasons, thereby nourishing all things.
先讀經文，再讀《彖傳》如何解釋卦辭。The received text, then the Tuan commentary on it.
無妄：元亨利貞，其匪正有眚，不利有攸往。
無妄卦——大亨通，利於守正。如果不正則有災眚，不利有所前往。純真之動必合天時，妄動則禍。
Wu Wang indicates great progress and success, while there will be advantage in being firm and correct. If (its subject and his action) be not correct, he will fall into errors, and it will not be advantageous for him to move in any direction.
無妄，剛自外來而為主於內。動而健，剛中而應，大亨以正，天之命也。其匪正有眚，不利有攸往。無妄之往，何之矣？天命不祐，行矣哉？
無妄：剛從外來而成為內主（震主在初九）。動而剛健，剛得中而有相應——大亨通且以正——這是天命。「其匪正有眚」是說不正則有災。「無妄之往」要往哪裡？天命不庇佑，怎能行得通？
In Wu Wang we have the strong (first line) come from the outer (trigram), and become in the inner trigram lord (of the whole figure); we have the attributes of motion and strength; we have the strong line (of the fifth place) in the central position.
六條線各有一句判斷。閱讀次序初→上；卦象由下而上，看左側的卦。One statement per line, read from the first line to the top. The figure is drawn bottom-up — watch the rail.
無妄，往吉。
無妄而行——往吉。剛得位、純真而動。
The first NINE shows its subject free from all insincerity. His advance will be accompanied with good fortune.
無妄之往，得志也。
無妄而往，得其志。
不耕穫，不菑畬，則利有攸往。
不耕而獲、不開荒就有熟田——這樣的（不勞而獲）則利於前往。但若不期而至之利，方為無妄之得。
The second SIX shows one who reaps without having ploughed, who gathers crops without having broken up new ground. Hence advance will be advantageous.
不耕穫，未富也。
不耕而獲，是不為求富。
無妄之災，或繫之牛，行人之得，邑人之災。
無妄之災——有人繫牛在那裡，過路人牽走了，邑人卻被冤枉。意外之災，非自招。
The third SIX shows calamity happening to one who is free from insincerity — as in the case of an ox that has been tied up. A passer-by finds it (and carries it off), to the loss of the people of the neighborhood.
行人得牛，邑人災也。
過客得牛，邑人遭災。
可貞，無咎。
可以守正——無咎。剛得位而能堅守。
The fourth NINE shows (a case in which), if its subject can remain firm and correct, there will be no error.
可貞無咎，固有之也。
可貞無咎，是本有之德。
無妄之疾，勿藥有喜。
無妄而得的病——不必用藥（自會好）有喜。意外之疾自會解。
The fifth NINE shows one who is free from insincerity, and yet has fallen ill. Let him not use medicine, and he will have occasion for joy (in his recovery).
無妄之藥，不可試也。
無妄之藥，不可亂試。
無妄，行有眚，無攸利。
無妄之終——若再行則有災，無所利。無妄之極不可再動。
The topmost NINE shows its subject free from insincerity, yet sure to fall into error, if he take action. There will be no advantage in any way.
無妄之行，窮之災也。
無妄而行，是窮極之災。
把象套到你的情境，取一個可行的下一步。Apply the image to your situation; take one practical step.
誠·動合天·茂對時
Sincerity · action with heaven · flourishing with the seasons
無妄卦最大的應用：「動而合天」+「不期而至」。無妄不叫你按兵不動，只要求每一動都合乎天時。最高境是九五「勿藥有喜」——對小病不必過度治療，順其自然。最忌上九的「窮極之動」——明知到頂還要動，必招災。
Wu Wang's deepest applications: 'action aligned with heaven' + 'unforced gain'. True innocence is not stillness but action that matches the seasons. Peak: line 5 'no medicine, joy comes' — minor troubles need no over-treatment. Worst: line 6's 'action at the limit' — pushing past the peak invites disaster.
上九「無妄行有眚」是現代人最深的失——已成功仍要強推，明知不可動還動，自招其禍。讀此爻自警：知止是無妄之最高德。
Line 6 'innocent action invites disaster' — the modern's deepest failure mode. Already successful, still pushing; knowing not to act, yet acting. Knowing when to halt is innocence's highest virtue.
王弼以為無妄卦的核心在「動而合天」——所行之事必合天命方得正。卦辭「其匪正有眚」最深——不正之動必招災。讀此卦最該記住「天命不祐，行矣哉？」一句。
For Wang Bi the core of Wu Wang is 'movement in accord with heaven': an undertaking is upright only when it accords with heaven's mandate. The deepest phrase in the Judgment is 'if not correct, there is calamity' — action that is not upright is certain to invite disaster. The sentence most worth remembering: 'When heaven's mandate does not bless it, can it proceed?'
程子強調大象「茂對時育萬物」——順時節而動是無妄的根本。彼以為六三「無妄之災」是不可避免之事——人世間有不期而至的災，能無妄者亦不能完全免之。
Cheng Yi stresses the Great Image's 'flourish in response to the seasons to nourish all things' — moving in accord with the seasons is the root of wu wang (無妄). He holds that line 3's 'calamity of the innocent' is unavoidable: the world contains disasters that arrive unsought, and even one free of all falsity cannot escape them entirely.
朱子直言：無妄者，誠也、實也、不妄也。動而合天，所以大亨。卦辭「不利有攸往」是針對「匪正」之妄動——若以妄動，連天也不庇佑。學者觀此知：誠是動之本。
Zhu Xi says it plainly: wu wang means sincerity (cheng 誠), substance, the absence of falsity. Movement in accord with heaven is why there is great success. The Judgment's 'not advantageous to go anywhere' is aimed at the reckless movement of the 'not correct' — move recklessly, and even heaven withholds its blessing. The student learns from this: sincerity is the root of action.
無妄講誠實之動：動機純正，動了就通；存了妄念，一動就生災。卦裡三根陽爻正好連成一條線。初九「無妄，往吉」，剛起步、念頭乾淨，放手去。九五「無妄之疾，勿藥有喜」，行得正的人也會攤上意外之病，先別急著下藥，守住正，它自己會過去；亂投藥反倒把小病治成大病。到上九「無妄，行有眚」，時位已盡還要再動一步，誠也救不了，這時候唯一對的動作就是停。同一個誠字，在卦頭是進，在卦尾是止，差的只是時。
Wu Wang is about honest action: when the motive is clean, the move goes through; harbor a false intent, and the first move breeds trouble. Three yang lines in this hexagram trace a single arc. Line 1, 'innocent — going brings fortune': just starting out, intent clean, go ahead. Line 5, 'an innocent illness — no medicine, and there is joy': even the upright catch an unexpected sickness. Don't rush to medicate — hold your correctness and it passes on its own; random remedies turn a small illness into a big one. By the top line, 'innocent, yet going brings calamity,' the hour and position are spent; take one more step and even sincerity can't save it. The only right move then is to stop. The same sincerity means advance at the head of the hexagram and halt at its tail — the only difference is timing.
Free of recklessness and falsity — the hexagram name. Not 'inaction' but action without wang: no false motive, no forcing.
Reckless, delusive, false. The vice this hexagram warns against.
Calamity, disaster — especially one brought on by one's own error.
Newly cleared field (zi) / mature cultivated field (yu). Line 2's image of harvest without prior labor.
Flourishing, luxuriant. In the Great Image: responding richly to the seasons.
To answer the seasons — timing one's action to the natural cycle.
第 25 無妄與第 26 大畜為一對綜卦。卦序揭示：先有無妄之純真（不妄動），才能有大畜之蓄積（積德有成）。
Hexagram 25 Wu Wang and Hexagram 26 Da Xu form an inverse pair (zong gua 綜卦). The sequence carries the point: only with Wu Wang's innocence (no reckless action) can there be Da Xu's accumulation (virtue stored to completion).
彖傳此句揭示了中國傳統「正當性」觀——所行之事若不合天命，再努力也行不通。後世「順天者昌，逆天者亡」皆與此相應。
This sentence of the Tuan Zhuan discloses the traditional Chinese view of legitimacy: an undertaking that does not accord with heaven's mandate (tianming 天命) cannot succeed however hard one strives. The later saying 'those who follow heaven flourish; those who defy it perish' answers to this.
大象此句是中國農業文明的智慧結晶——順應時節而動是無妄；逆時而動是妄。後世「春耕夏耘秋收冬藏」皆與此呼應。
This line of the Great Image distills the wisdom of Chinese agrarian civilization: to move with the seasons is wu wang; to move against them is wang (妄), recklessness. The later formula 'plough in spring, weed in summer, harvest in autumn, store in winter' echoes it.
九五此句頗有道家底色——意外得來的小病不必用藥，自會好。這對應於「無為而治」之大智。後世道家養生思想多源於此。
This line 5 phrase has a distinctly Daoist undertone: a minor ailment that arrives unbidden needs no medicine — it will heal on its own. It corresponds to the great wisdom of 'governing by non-action' (wuwei 無為). Much of later Daoist self-cultivation thought traces back here.
「無妄」二字之意？為何不是「不動」而是「動而合天」？
What do the two characters 無妄 (wu wang) mean? Why is it 'action in accord with heaven' rather than 'no action'?
為何九五「勿藥有喜」？這體現了甚麼智慧？
Why 'no medicine, joy comes'? What wisdom does this embody?
用六三「無妄之災」評論一個你經歷過的無辜之災。
Use line 3 to comment on an innocent calamity you experienced.