Hexagram 24 · 第 24 卦

復

Fu · Earth over Thunder

一陽來復、循環重啟、冬至之卦

上卦upper 坤 ☷ · 地 / Earth下卦lower 震 ☳ · 雷 / Thunder
錯卦把每一爻都翻轉（陽↔陰）後得到的另一卦。The inverse-line hexagram: every line flipped.Opposite
第 44 卦 姤
綜卦把整個卦上下顛倒後得到的另一卦。The reversed hexagram: flipped top-to-bottom.Inverse
第 23 卦 剝
互卦由原卦二、三、四爻 + 三、四、五爻組成的中間卦。The nuclear hexagram: built from lines 2-3-4 and 3-4-5 of the original.Nuclear
第 2 卦 坤

卦辭與彖傳

Judgment and its commentary

先讀經文，再讀《彖傳》如何解釋卦辭。Read the received text first, then its Tuan commentary.

經
卦辭對整個卦（六條線為一組）的總體判斷。The judgment on the hexagram as a whole.
Judgment

復：亨。出入无疾，朋來无咎。反復其道，七日來復，利有攸往。

復——通達。 進出都沒病害，朋友來也沒錯失。事情往復循環，七日之後又回到起點。利於有所行動。 冬至之後一陽始生，新的循環重啟。

Fu indicates that there will be free course and progress (in what it denotes). (The subject of it) finds no one to distress him in his exits and entrances; friends come to him, and no error is committed. He will return and repeat his proper course. In seven days comes his return. There will be advantage in whatever direction movement is made.

James Legge · 1899
傳
彖傳十翼之一，直接解釋卦名、卦辭及其剛柔結構。Tuan Zhuan — commentary explaining the name, Judgment, and line structure.
Commentary on the Judgment

「復亨」，剛反；動而以順行，是以「出入無疾，朋來無咎」。「反復其道，七日來復」，天行也。「利有攸往」，剛長也。復其見天地之心乎？

「復亨」——剛（陽）回返了；動（震）順著走（坤），所以「出入無疾、朋來無咎」。 「反復其道、七日來復」——這是天的運行規律。「利有攸往」——剛在生長。復卦——可以從這裡看見天地的本心吧？

'Fu indicates the free course and progress (of what it denotes):'—it is the coming back of what is intimated by the undivided line. (The subject of the hexagram) acts (with motive power), and proceeds with docility. Hence 'he finds no one to distress him in his exits and entrances, and friends come to him, and no error is committed.' 'He will return and repeat his proper course; in seven days comes his return:'—such is the movement of the heavenly (revolution). 'There will be advantage in whatever direction movement is made:'—the strong lines are growing. Do we not see in Fu the mind of heaven and earth?

James Legge · 1899

大象傳《大象傳》從上下卦的自然圖像推演全卦之象，再提出人事取法。它不是《彖傳》的續文。The Great Image derives conduct from the two trigrams' natural images; it is not a continuation of the Tuan.

Great Image Commentary

上下卦取象 → 全卦成象 → 人事取法Trigrams → whole image → conduct

上下卦Trigrams
☷坤 · 地Upper · Earth
☳震 · 雷Lower · Thunder
全卦成象Whole image

雷在地中，復

(The trigram representing) the earth and that for thunder in the midst of it form Fu.

人事取法Conduct

先王以至日閉關，商旅不行，后不省方。

The ancient kings, in accordance with this, on the day of the (winter) solstice, shut the gates of the passes (from one state to another); travelling merchants did not (then) pursue their journeys, nor did the prince go on his tours of inspection.

雷藏在地中——復。 先王仿效這個樣子，在冬至那天關閉城門，商人旅客都不出行，君主也不巡視各地。 讓新生的陽安安靜靜地蓄積力量。

James Legge · 1899
六爻意象導覽Six-line image guide
由六爻爻辭整理 · 點選可跳至原文 · Editorial guide · select a stage to read the line

本站導讀，不屬《大象傳》原文；用來預覽本卦六爻由初至上的意象變化。An editorial preview of the six line images, not part of the Great Image Commentary.

中性位neutral主爻 · 青灰ruling line過盈之爻 · 朱砂overshot
爻辭針對單獨一條線的判斷，每卦有六條。閱讀次序：初爻 → 上爻。卦象本身則由下而上排列。Line statements — one per line, six per hexagram. Reading order is 初 → 上 (top to bottom on the page). The hexagram itself is drawn bottom-up — see the rail.
Line statements · 初 → 上 · reading order
小象十翼之一。對每一條爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on each line. inline beneath each line
初九
Line 1 · 第 1 爻 · yang陽

不遠復，无祗悔，元吉。

走不遠就回頭——沒有大的後悔，大吉。 初九是唯一的陽爻、是復的主爻——一走偏就立刻改正、不拖。

The first NINE, undivided, shows its subject returning (from an error) of no great extent, which would not proceed to anything requiring repentance. There will be great good fortune.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

不遠之復，以修身也。

走不遠就回頭——是用來修身的。

'(We see in him) returning from an error of no great extent:'—it is the way to the cultivation of the person.

六二
Line 2 · 第 2 爻 · yin陰

休復，吉。

美好的回返——吉。 緊鄰初九的陽，自己雖是陰，但能順著陽而動，所以吉。

The second SIX, divided, shows the admirable return (of its subject). There will be good fortune.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

休復之吉，以下仁也。

美好的回返之吉——是因為能親近仁者（指初九）。

'The good fortune of the admirable return' is due to the subject's condescending to (the subject of the line below).

六三
Line 3 · 第 3 爻 · yin陰

頻復，厲，无咎。

頻繁地回返——危險，但無咎。 反覆出錯、反覆改正——過程危險，但因為始終在改正，所以沒有大失。

The third SIX, divided, shows one who has made repeated returns. The position is perilous, but there will be no error.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

頻復之厲，義无咎也。

頻繁回返的危險——按理應該沒有錯失。

'The perilous position of one who has made repeated returns' is rightly described as without error.

六四
Line 4 · 第 4 爻 · yin陰

中行獨復。

在五陰的中段、獨自回返（向下親近初九）。 孤獨卻守正，不隨大流。

The fourth SIX, divided, shows its subject moving right in the centre (among those represented by the other divided lines), and yet returning alone (to the proper path).

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

中行獨復，以從道也。

中行獨復——是為了跟從正道。

'He moves right in the centre (among those represented by the other divided lines), and yet returns alone:'—his object is to pursue the (proper) path.

六五
Line 5 · 第 5 爻 · yin陰

敦復，无悔。

敦厚的回返——無悔。 君位而能厚重自反、不因位高而拒絕改正。

The fifth SIX, divided, shows the noble return of its subject. There will be no occasion for repentance.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

敦復无悔，中以自考也。

敦厚回返而無悔——以中正自我檢驗。

'The noble return, giving no occasion for repentance,' is due to the subject's examination of himself in his central position.

上六
Line 6 · 第 6 爻 · yin陰

迷復，凶。有災眚，用行師，終有大敗，以其國君，凶。至于十年不克征。

迷失了、不知道回返——凶。有災難。如果在這個時候用兵，最後會大敗，連國君都受累，凶。十年之內都不能出征。 復之終卻不知復——是復卦中最壞的位置。

The topmost SIX, divided, shows its subject all astray on the subject of returning. There will be evil. There will be calamities and errors. If with his views he put the hosts in motion, the end will be a great defeat, whose issues will extend to the ruler of the state. Even in ten years he will not be able to repair the disaster.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註，列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

迷復之凶，反君道也。

迷復之凶——是違背君主之道。

'The evil connected with that all astray on the subject of returning' is because the (subject's) course is contrary to that of a (true) ruler.

復fù

Return; the recurring. The character pictures a foot returning. Cycle's restart point — yang re-emerges from below.

七日qī rì

Seven days (or seven steps). Refers to the 7-stage transit through the cycle from one polarity back to the other. Also a general principle: cycles take measured time.

頻復pín fù

Repeated returning. Doing wrong, correcting, doing wrong, correcting again. Risky but redeems itself through repeated correction.

敦dūn

Thick, weighty, sincere. 敦復 = a deep, substantial return — not superficial.

迷復mí fù

Lost in returning. The position of someone who should be returning but cannot find the way. The line-6 vice.