純陽,最剛健、最開創,象徵天的運行,不停,不可阻擋。
Pure yang. Most vigorous, most originating. Heaven's motion is ceaseless and unstoppable.
前一頁說過,陰陽是一個整體的兩面。把這兩面再組合一次,得到四種組合,也就是兩儀生四象; 再組合一次,得到八種組合,這就是八卦。
八卦是八個三爻組成的圖象,每個圖象同時是:
這些對應不是隨機湊成的。把每一卦的圖象和性情合起來讀,才能抓到那一卦在說什麼。
From the previous module: yin and yang are two faces of one whole. Combine them again and you get 4 combinations, the four images; combine again and you get 8, the bagua. Each trigram is simultaneously a nature image, a family role, a character verb, a body part, and an animal. These correspondences are the working vocabulary of hexagram reading.
滑過或點開每一卦看細節:
Hover or tap each trigram to see details:
純陽,最剛健、最開創,象徵天的運行,不停,不可阻擋。
Pure yang. Most vigorous, most originating. Heaven's motion is ceaseless and unstoppable.
純陰,最柔順、最承載,象徵地,容納萬物,不爭不奪。
Pure yin. Most yielding, most bearing. Earth contains all and contends with nothing.
雷。下面陽爻動起來,往上震。象徵啟動、出發、振奮。
Thunder. The bottom yang line begins to stir. Initiation, setting out, arousal.
水。陽爻陷在兩陰之間。象徵危險、深陷、流動中的險境。
Water. A yang line trapped between two yin. Peril, descent, hazardous flow.
山。陽爻在頂上不動。象徵停下、靜止、邊界。
Mountain. A yang line on top, immovable. Stopping, stillness, boundary.
風。陰爻在最下,柔軟地滲入。象徵進入、滲透、細微的影響。
Wind. A yin line at the bottom, gently entering. Penetration, subtle influence.
火。陰爻在中間,依附於兩陽之間。象徵依附、光明、被看見。
Fire. A yin line in the center, clinging between two yang. Attachment, brightness, visibility.
澤。陰爻在頂上開口。象徵喜悅、口、流出、溝通。
Lake. A yin line opens at the top. Joy, the mouth, outflow, communication.
乾全陽為父,坤全陰為母。其他六卦是父母生出的子女,說卦傳講的取法是這樣:
這個家族比喻很有用:像艮在下、巽在上組成的風山漸(第五十三卦),可以讀為少男在下、長女在上, 一個少男追求一個長女的故事,講的正是循序漸進的求婚過程。象徵與圖象的對應,就是這樣建立起來的。
Qian (all yang) is Father; Kun (all yin) is Mother. The other six trigrams are their children. The three sons, Zhen, Kan, and Gen, form when Kun takes a line from Qian at the bottom, middle, or top position and turns it yang. The three daughters, Xun, Li, and Dui, form the same way in reverse: Qian takes a line from Kun and turns it yin. So a hexagram like Jian, Xun above Gen below, reads as a courtship story: a youngest son courting an eldest daughter, gradual and proper. The image correspondences trace back to this.
遇到一個三爻組合,有三種讀法可選,視情境用:
通透的讀者三個都看,不只取一個。例如坎在上卦,讀自然象是水從天而降,也就是雲、雨、險境; 讀家族角色是中男陷於外;讀性情是險中之險。三個視角合起來看,那一卦的故事才會出來。
Three readings to apply to any trigram: the nature image, the family role, and the action verb. A systematic reader uses all three; they're complementary lenses on the same configuration.
每個六十四卦都由上下兩個三爻卦組成,八乘八等於六十四。
讀任何一個六十四卦時,第一步永遠是看:
例:水山蹇(第三十九卦),坎在上、艮在下,水在山上,是山頂的水路,路被堵住,這就是蹇,行走困難。
把八卦的圖象記熟之後,你會發現讀六十四卦其實只在做一件事:拆開上下兩卦,組合出這兩個三爻的故事。
Every hexagram is two trigrams stacked, upper and lower: 8 times 8 is 64. Reading a hexagram always starts with the same questions: which trigram is on top, which is on bottom, and what is the story of the two put together? Once you know the eight trigrams, hexagram reading is essentially this assembly.