卦辭與彖傳

Judgment and its commentary

先讀經文,再讀《彖傳》如何解釋卦辭。Read the received text first, then its Tuan commentary.

卦辭對整個卦(六條線為一組)的總體判斷。The judgment on the hexagram as a whole.
Judgment

晉:康侯用錫馬蕃庶,晝日三接。

晉卦——康侯(賢能諸侯)獲賜眾多馬匹,一日之內被天子三次接見。晉升之卦,賢能受重用。

In Jin we see a prince who secures the tranquillity (of the people), presented on that account with numerous horses (by the king), and three times in a day received at interviews.

James Legge · 1899
彖傳十翼之一,直接解釋卦名、卦辭及其剛柔結構。Tuan Zhuan — commentary explaining the name, Judgment, and line structure.
Commentary on the Judgment

晉,進也,明出地上,順而麗乎大明,柔進而上行,是以康侯用錫馬蕃庶,晝日三接也。

晉就是進。明(離)從地(坤)上出,順而附麗於大明,柔爻(六五)進而上行——所以康侯獲眾馬之賜,一日三接。

In Jin we have advance. (We see in it) the bright sun coming forth above the earth; (the symbol of) docile submission cleaving to that of the Great Brightness.

James Legge · 1899

大象傳《大象傳》從上下卦的自然圖像推演全卦之象,再提出人事取法。它不是《彖傳》的續文。The Great Image derives conduct from the two trigrams' natural images; it is not a continuation of the Tuan.

Great Image Commentary

上下卦取象 → 全卦成象 → 人事取法Trigrams → whole image → conduct

上下卦Trigrams
· Upper · Fire
· Lower · Earth
全卦成象Whole image

明出地上,晉

(The trigram representing) the earth and that for the bright (sun) coming forth above it form Jin.

人事取法Conduct

君子以自昭明德。

The superior man, in accordance with this, gives himself to make more brilliant his bright virtue.

明從地上出——晉之象。君子由此體會:要自我顯揚明德。

James Legge · 1899
六爻意象導覽Six-line image guide
由六爻爻辭整理 · 點選可跳至原文 · Editorial guide · select a stage to read the line

本站導讀,不屬《大象傳》原文;用來預覽本卦六爻由初至上的意象變化。An editorial preview of the six line images, not part of the Great Image Commentary.

中性位neutral主爻 · 青灰ruling line過盈之爻 · 朱砂overshot
爻辭針對單獨一條線的判斷,每卦有六條。閱讀次序:初爻 → 上爻。卦象本身則由下而上排列。Line statements — one per line, six per hexagram. Reading order is 初 → 上 (top to bottom on the page). The hexagram itself is drawn bottom-up — see the rail.
Line statements · 初 → 上 · reading order
小象十翼之一。對每一條爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on each line. inline beneath each line
初六
Line 1 · 1 · yin

晉如摧如,貞吉。罔孚,裕無咎。

前進又被挫折——守正則吉。沒有信任時,寬裕等待則無咎。

The first SIX shows one wishing to advance, and (at the same time) kept back. Let him be firm and correct, and there will be good fortune. If trust be not reposed in him, let him maintain a large generosity, and there will be no error.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

晉如摧如,獨行正也。裕無咎,未受命也。

晉而被挫,是獨行正道。裕無咎,是因為尚未受命。

六二
Line 2 · 2 · yin

晉如愁如,貞吉。受茲介福,于其王母。

前進有憂愁——守正則吉。受到大福於其「王母」(祖母輩之尊長)。

The second SIX shows one advancing, but with sorrow and anxiety. Let him be firm and correct, and there will be good fortune. He will receive the great blessing from his grandmother.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

受茲介福,以中正也。

受大福,是因為中正之德。

六三
Line 3 · 3 · yin

眾允,悔亡。

眾人都允許——悔消失。陰柔得志於眾,借勢而進。

The third SIX shows one trusted by all (around). All occasion for repentance disappears.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

眾允之志,上行也。

眾人允許之志,是向上而行。

九四
Line 4 · 4 · yang

晉如鼫鼠,貞厲。

前進像鼫鼠(貪而多疑之鼠)——守此有險。剛在陰位,貪而多畏。

The fourth NINE shows one advancing like a marmot. However firm and correct he may be, the position is one of peril.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

鼫鼠貞厲,位不當也。

鼫鼠貞厲,是位置不當。

六五
Line 5 · 5 · yin

悔亡,失得勿恤。往吉,無不利。

悔消失,得失不必憂慮——前往吉,無不利。柔得尊位,能放下計較。

The fifth SIX shows how all occasion for repentance is gone (from its subject). (But) let him not concern himself about whether he shall fail or succeed. To advance will be fortunate.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

失得勿恤,往有慶也。

失得不憂慮,前往有福慶。

上九
Line 6 · 6 · yang

晉其角,維用伐邑,厲吉,無咎,貞吝。

進到犄角(極致)——只可用以伐邑(小規模征伐),厲而吉,無咎,但守此吝。

The topmost NINE shows one advancing his horns. But he only uses them to punish the (rebellious people of his own) city. The position is perilous, but there will be good fortune. (Yet) however firm and correct he may be, there will be occasion for regret.

小象十翼之一。對爻辭的古典短註,列於該爻之下。Xiao Xiang — short commentary on this line. · Image on the line

維用伐邑,道未光也。

用以伐邑,是其道尚未光大。

jìn

To advance; promotion, rising — the sun coming up over the earth.

康侯kāng hóu

The Marquis Kang — a capable lord who secures the people's peace.

To bestow, confer (the old graph for 賜 — not 'tin').

蕃庶fán shù

Numerous, abundant.

wǎng

Not, without.

鼫鼠shí shǔ

A large rat, proverbially greedy and suspicious — able at many things, master of none.

To worry over, fret about.

jiǎo

Horns — the furthest tip; advance at its very limit.